I'd only say:
Declarant: Gioacchino Carofano
Mother: Francesca Viola, 42 years

#

My guess is "Vittalba" (from Vittoria Alba?), with a transposition of letters "l" and "b"

#2

"Dear colleague,
next time please write your name more clearly, so that I do not have to call a translator. Regards. The rector Giovanni Martinangelo"

My opinion: Martinangelo had probably received the request from some other priest and it was probably hard to read. But he must have been hard ...

#1
1)Capitignano Picentino is one the six villages making up the Commune of Giffoni Sei Casali, province of Salerno.
2) Antonia Di Muro was Philomena's godmother.
3) Yes, it is the signature of the priest who wrote the document

Issued January 17th, 1866, 4 p.m.
Declarant (father): Liberato Buccella of the late Gennaro, 34 years, peasant.
Child: Antonio, born January 17th, 1866, 9 a.m.
Mother: Maria Giovanna d'Alberto of Zupito, 23 years
Living in Alanno, Contrada Colle della Sala

March 19, 1794
Anzola (northern dialect of Emilia or Veneto, I suppose, for "Angela") (daughter of) Zuanni (dialect for "Giovanni") Cargnello, also called Cargnelletto, of the late Agostin, and of Menega (dialect for "Domenica") of the m. ("maestro"?) Ant(oni)o Pes from the Parish of Villado xx ...

q.m stands for "quondam": latin for "the late", "the deceased"

Better late than never... :-)

#755:
if the dead person leaves other persons who can be heirs (other than those described in the previous articles: parents, children, siblings), two thirds of heredity is given to the spouse. He gets the whole heredity if the dead person does not leave relatives ...

Did you see images of these records, or just some extracted info?
If you didn't, you can get microfilms at an LDS Center; may be they record place of birth...

This is the site of the Commune of Raccuja, province of Messina:

http://www.comune.raccuja.me.it

If you choose from menu "Turismo" and the "Chiese", may be you find again the one on yor postcard.

My guess is "Grazia Troise".
What do you think about it?

It states "fittuale del nob(ile) sig(nor) Vincenzo Polichetti".
"Fittuale" is a word used above all in southern Italy; in Italia, at that time, it was better said "fittavolo", and it means the renter of someone else's (in this case, "the Noble Mr Vincenzo Polichetti") land.
You can find a definition ...

It really seems a good guess!
I had not seen the photo, but it can be. I have a photo of my GP's wedding (1942) originally black and white, but coloured in a studio.

Mary,
I'm sorry for the delay; also forgive me for the translation, but I generally have some problems when writing English, so you can imagine what I can do with old Italian laws.
You can find Italian "Codice Civile" of 1865 simply by writing "Codice civile 1865" in Google Books.
You wrote about ...

Well, in this forum we generally don't deal with the search of living people, also for reasons of privacy.
But you can try at Italian white Pages:

www.paginebianche.it

Insert surname in "chi/cosa" and place in "dove"